What factors influence achievement the most?

Ability Grouping, Tracking, Streaming.

Acceleration (for example, skipping a year).

Comprehension programs.

Concept mapping.

Cooperative vs individualistic learning.

Direct instruction.

Feedback.

Gender (male compared with female achievement).

Home environment.

Individualizing instruction.

Influence of peers.

Matching teaching with student learning styles.

Meta-cognitive strategy programs.

Phonics instruction.

Professional development on student achievement.

Providing formative evaluation to teachers.

Providing worked examples.

Reciprocal teaching.

Reducing class size.

Retention (holding back a year).

Student control over learning.

Student expectations.

Teacher collective efficacy.

Teacher credibility in eyes of the students.

Teacher estimates of achievement.

Teacher expectations.

Teacher subject matter knowledge.

Teacher-student relationships.

Using simulations and gaming.

Vocabulary programs.

Whole language programs.

Within-class grouping.